Understanding Food Allergies and Intolerances

Food Allergies Are Serious

A food allergy is not a preference — it is a medical condition. Even a tiny amount of an allergen can cause a severe reaction in some children. As a nanny, it is essential that you know and respect any allergies the children in your care have.

The Most Common Allergens

In many countries, the "Big 8" (or "Big 9" in the USA) allergens must be declared on food labels:

Milk (dairy)

Eggs

Peanuts

Tree nuts (cashews, almonds, walnuts, etc.)

Fish

Shellfish (prawns, crab, lobster)

Wheat / gluten

Soy

Sesame (USA)

Signs of an Allergic Reaction

Mild reactions:

Hives or skin rash

Runny nose or sneezing

Itchy, watery eyes

Stomach cramps or nausea

Severe reactions (anaphylaxis — call emergency services immediately):

Swelling of the throat or tongue

Difficulty breathing or swallowing

Pale or blue skin

Loss of consciousness

Reading Food Labels

Always read the full ingredient list on packaged food. Look for phrases like "contains milk" or "may contain traces of nuts." When in doubt, don't serve it.

Talking to Parents

Before you start caring for a child with allergies, ask parents to show you the allergens to avoid, safe alternatives, where the EpiPen or antihistamines are kept, and what to do in an emergency.